Food additives and food security relationship

Abstract: the paper introduces the definition of food safety and food additives, types and existing problems, and the relationship between food safety and food additives are reviewed in this paper, put forward the corresponding countermeasures taken to its existence question and the research prospects.

Key words: food safety; Food additives; Chemical pollution; Microbial contamination; The environmental pollution

Chinese library classification number: S609.9; TS202.3 literature identifier: A article number: 0517-6611 (2015), 05-238-03

With the development of society and economy, the increasing of people's living standard, people on the taste of food, taste and quality requirements also more and more high, so in society there is a great variety of food additives and functional foods, etc. With the rapid development of food industry and food processing industry, the use of food additives is also more and more, food safety has gradually become the primary problem of attention by people. In view of this, the study of the relationship between food safety and food additive and discussed, aimed at their awareness of food additives and attention, solve the excess food additives and beyond and illegal use of food additives or chemical products brought about by the security hidden danger and harm.

1, food safety,

1.1 the definition of food safety

Refers to the food safety for human consumption of food is safe, its characteristic is nontoxic and harmless, no residue and no too much side effect, and can meet the demands of the nutritional needs of people and, without any harm to human body health, such as People's Daily life in the grains of rice, noodles, oil, meat, eggs, beans, peanuts, vegetables, fruits, drinks, milk, bread, biscuits, preserved fruit, noodles, meat products, dairy products and other all belong to food safety. Food safety mainly include: the number of food safety, food quality safety and sustainable food security three aspects of meaning.

1.2 the food safety problems

1.2.1 environmental pollution and chemical pollution

Due to environmental pollution and chemical pollution and the problems of food safety. Chemical pollution is to point to by chemical reagent and pollution caused by environmental pollution, such as pesticide, chemical fertilizer overuse and abuse of auxin, food additives and chemical products, such as unreasonable use and the excessive use of problems caused by pollution. Environmental pollution and chemical pollution is lead to food insecurity, two important factors for the source of the food source and brought a lot of potential safety problems, also cause great harm to human health. In 2000, the ministry of agriculture to l4 developed economy of the capital city of 2110 vegetable samples for testing, the result of the heavy metal exceeds bid vegetables is as high as 23.5%, if the consumption of these vegetables will bring direct harm to human body health.

1.2.2 microbial contamination

Because of microorganism and toxins produced by microorganisms such as mold and mildew toxins, bacteria and bacterial toxin pollution caused by food safety issues. Microbial pollution is largely due to feed into the pathogen or is caused by the toxins produced by the symptoms of acute gastroenteritis as the main hazards, such as pathogenic escherichia coli, botulinum toxin can cause food poisoning. Preservatives used in food production process can prevent and reduce microbial contamination, you can also use radiation, dried, refrigeration, heating, smoked, salted physical methods to reduce the pollution of the micro content life.

1.2.3 processed food pollution

Food processing enterprise with the irregularities in the process of production caused by food safety issues. Food processing and the problem of pollution is refers to the production and processing enterprises to undertake regular food production and problems, or overweight problems of using food additives. Due to the interests of the drive, and some of the food processing industry and enterprise discipline, irregularities and illegal production, in the process of production high amounts and excessive use of food additives or chemical products, production conditions caused by severe pollution, disinfection and sterilization is not thorough, etc. So most food processing pollution problems.

1. Pesticide residues

In the process of breeding plants and animals due to the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and other improper with the resulting contamination of food source. National nitrogen fertilizer usage is as high as 25 million t every year, more than 1.3 million t, pesticide usage per unit area is three times the world average and 2 x [1], this also brought the pollution problem of the food source.

1.2.5 use illegal chemical raw materials

Some sweeteners, preservatives, chemical raw materials used in disinfectants, no root agent, colorant and violations such as synthetic pigment used in the production of candied fruit, dairy products, meat products, dry food, instant noodles, wine, kelp, bean sprouts and bean products produced by the food safety and hazard problems, such as one of the major problems also nots allow to ignore.

1.2.6 government regulation

Due to the administrative department of government and some in the food safety aspects of food safety problems caused by poor regulation. Our country did not establish a complete and perfect food safety supervision system and the system to ensure food safety and public channel is not smooth and report time brought about by the problems such as not in time. For part of the food safety law in our country still stay in just when the founding of the standard, failed to gradually improve, along with the development of the food industry to play a real role, safeguard human health, put an end to happen the phenomenon of food insecurity.

All in all, as practitioners in the field of food production and producers as well as some large enterprises, have the basic professional morality and sense of responsibility, to realize their shoulder responsibility is the people's life safety and food safety, related to the national economy and people's livelihood and human health, therefore, much attention should be paid and pay attention to, avoid frequent food safety accidents and problems.

2, food additives

2.1 the definition of food additives

Food additives can improve all kinds of food quality and taste and taste, its color, aroma and taste as well as the antisepsis and processing technology needs to join the artificial synthetic or natural substances such as in food nutrition fortifier, food flavors and fragrances, gum base foundation agent material in the candy, the food industry use including processing AIDS [1]. Food additive is one of an important part of all processed food ingredients, can increase the processed food nutrition; Improve the sensory quality such as color, aroma, taste and shape and inner quality. To prevent food deterioration; Improve food processing condition, etc. [2]. But in the range of the food safety standards, food additives, don't allow more than 2%, the total added to safe to eat, otherwise it will bring great harm to people health.

2.2 the type of food additives

Food additives can be divided into three types: nutrition food additives, natural food additives and functional food additive. Food additives at home and abroad a total of 23 categories: including acidity regulator, defoaming agent and anticaking agent, bleaching agent, bulking agent, colorant, stabilizer.color-protecting, emulsifier, flavoring agent, enzyme preparation, furthermore, preservatives, curing agent, sweetener, stabilizer, thickener, antioxidants, flour treatment agent, water retention agent, nutrition enhancer, food with spices, and food processing AIDS used in industry and other etc.

2.3 the problems existing in the use of food additives

2.3.1 the illegal use of

Although in the development of science and technology, technology improvement and progress, but there are still a part of the food production enterprises and businesses to seek personal interests and make use of food additives or violations, overweight and chemical products manufacturing such as clenbuterol, beer color steamed bread, formaldehyde, sterilization, explosion watermelon, cucumber ink black fungus, ink stick, sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, plasticizer beverage, brightener flour, additive sorbet, thickener, pigment package candied fruit, yogurt mixed paraffin rice, carbofuran rice, Sudan red chili sauce, bleach pistachios and melamine milk powder and other food, for people's body caused by a series of serious harm and influence, and even life threatening.